Innovative Uses of the GenePix® Scanners
Protein Microarrays
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Image courtesy of Brian B. Haab, Ph.D., from:
Haab, Brian B., Dunham, Maitreya J., and Brown, Patrick O.
Protein microarrays for highly parallel detection and quantitation of specific proteins and antibodies in complex solutions.
Genome Biology 2001 2(2): research0004.1-0004.13.
Read the complete article at
GenomeBiology.com.
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Part of a GenePix 4000A scan of a protein
array spotted with 110 different antibodies
in approximately nine replicates each.
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Using the GenePix 4000 for Immunohistochemistry
The GenePix 4000 is an excellent imaging device for immunohistochemistry (IHC) applications. Any fluorescently-labeled
tissue section on standard 1x3 inch microscope slides may be used. The focus function of the GenePix 4000B also
permits the use of coverslips, which are commonly employed in IHC preparations. Using the maximum scanning resolution
of 5 microns/pixel, the GenePix 4000B image resolution is comparable to a 4-5x objective on a conventional microscope,
and is particularly suited for obtaining low-magnification, large field-of-view images of tissue preparations, such as
whole mount embryo or human brain sections. The advantages of using the GenePix 4000B for IHC specimens is rapid
acquisition (<10 min) of a large area of the slide (up to 1x3 inches), obviating the need to acquire a montage
series of images.
Click on the following thumbnail images to see high-resolution images of IHC preparations scanned with
the GenePix 4000B. Specimens were mounted on a standard microscope slide, processed with TSA Plus™
reagents and protocol (Perkin-Elmer Life Sciences), and coverslip mounted.
Specimens courtesy of Professor Kevin A. Roth, Washington University School
of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri.
| Whole-mount mouse embryo, β-tubulin |
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| Rat brain coronal section, NF200 and NeuN |
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| Rat brain coronal section, COX-2 and NeuN |
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| Rat brain coronal section, GFAP and MAP2 |
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| Mouse brain coronal section, SMI-31 and Cathepsin-D |
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Reaction Microarrays:
A Revolution in Enantioselective Catalyst Screening
Researchers at Harvard University have adapted microarray technology to enable high throughput determination of
enantiomeric selectivity of chemical reactions. In the experiments published by G. Korbel, G. Lalic and M.D. Shair,
alpha-amino acids were printed onto a microscope slide. Enantiomers of proline were differentially labelled and
applied to the slide under amide coupling conditions. Calculation of the ratio of enantiomeric binding provides
a measure of enantiomeric selectivity of the printed amino acids. The new highly-parallel method for chemical
analysis promises the same throughput increase that DNA expression analysis has enjoyed with microarray technology.
Identification of two >99% enantiomeric excess
samples of proline in a collection of 15,552 samples.
Screening experiments using traditional methods, such as HPLC would take several months to complete, notes
Prof. Shair, making reaction microarrays a welcome revolution in the field of combinatorial catalysis. Greg Korbel,
first author of the study, used the Axon Instruments GenePix 4000 scanner and GenePix Pro software package to analyze
the reaction microarrays and added, "We have really enjoyed working with your scanner. You have developed a very
nice instrument, with a great software interface."
Axon Instruments is excited to be part of the revolution, enabling researchers across a broad spectrum
of scientific disciplines to be on the cutting edge of biomedical and chemical research!
Figure reprinted with permission from J. Am. Chem. Soc.,
123:361-362. Copyright 2001 American Chemical Society.
Additional Resources
Basarsky, T., Verdnik, D., Zhai, J.Y., & Wellis, D.
Overview of a microarray scanner: Design essentials for an integrated acquisition and analysis platform.
In Microarray Biochip Technology (pp. 265-284). BioTechniques Books.
Edited by Mark Schena. Eaton Publishing (2000)
You can check the
table of contents
and order the book online.
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